網絡布線工程是數據中心的重要組成部分，只有通過線纜將所有設備互聯起來，才能形成一個完整的運行系統。如今，網絡布線技術已經延伸成為一門工程學科，不僅布線有各種各樣的設計形式，布線所需的設備也五花八門，要想將所有設備都連接起來，可沒有那么簡單，接口類型、距離長度、電屏蔽性、美觀、成本等都需要考慮。那么， 數據中心網絡布線工程必備的設備有哪些呢(ni)？今天我(wo)們就(jiu)來(lai)講(jiang)講(jiang)數據中心網絡布線(xian)工(gong)程必備的七大件，希望(wang)對大家有所幫助。

數據中心網絡布線工程必備七大件

一、理線架

理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)是整理(li)布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)一種裝(zhuang)置，一般是1U高度，通(tong)常安(an)裝(zhuang)在機柜里(li)，處在配線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)與交換機之間(jian)，網線(xian)(xian)(xian)從(cong)中走過(guo)。經過(guo)理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)流程梳理(li)，把線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜進行區分整理(li)，使整個網線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)脈絡更(geng)清(qing)晰，更(geng)方便日(ri)后的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)。理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)由理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)和蓋板(ban)兩部分組成。理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)通(tong)過(guo)梳理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)序，將使用(yong)的(de)(de)各種線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜固定收集于(yu)內，然后扣上蓋板(ban)，這樣外(wai)表上看不到理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)內部穿插的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜，外(wai)觀(guan)整潔(jie)有序。根據實(shi)際應用(yong)，可以布(bu)(bu)置12口(kou)、24口(kou)、48口(kou)的(de)(de)理(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)；

二、配線架

配線架是電纜或光纜進行連接的端接的裝置，通常安裝在機柜或墻上。通過安裝附件，配線架可以全線滿足UTP、STP、同軸電纜、光纖、音視頻的需要。如果在綜合布線中缺少了配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)，前端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)信息(xi)點直接(jie)接(jie)入到交換(huan)機(ji)上(shang)，一(yi)旦線(xian)(xian)纜出現(xian)(xian)了問題，有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)就(jiu)要(yao)面(mian)臨(lin)重新布線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險。除此之外，如果沒(mei)有(you)配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)，在(zai)管(guan)理(li)上(shang)也會(hui)比(bi)較(jiao)混亂，多(duo)次插拔可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)引起交換(huan)機(ji)端(duan)(duan)口的(de)(de)(de)損壞。配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)就(jiu)解決了這(zhe)個問題，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以通過更換(huan)跳線(xian)(xian)來實現(xian)(xian)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)。配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)法和用(yong)量(liang)(liang)主要(yao)是根據總(zong)體網絡(luo)點的(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)或者該樓層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)點數量(liang)(liang)來配(pei)置的(de)(de)(de)。不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)建筑，不同(tong)系統設計，主設備(bei)間的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)都(dou)會(hui)不同(tong)。對(dui)于(yu)多(duo)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)數據中心(xin)機(ji)房，為了避免線(xian)(xian)纜超(chao)長(chang)，就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)每層(ceng)均(jun)設有(you)分設備(bei)間，且有(you)交換(huan)設備(bei)，每層(ceng)都(dou)要(yao)配(pei)備(bei)配(pei)線(xian)(xian)架(jia)(jia)；

三、耦合器

耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)是光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)與光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)之間(jian)進行可(ke)拆卸連(lian)接的(de)器(qi)(qi)件，它把光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)的(de)兩(liang)(liang)個端面精密對(dui)(dui)接起來，以使發(fa)射(she)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)輸出的(de)光(guang)能量(liang)能最大限度地(di)耦(ou)合(he)(he)到接收光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)中去，并使其介(jie)入光(guang)鏈(lian)路(lu)從而對(dui)(dui)系(xi)統造成的(de)影響(xiang)減到最小。耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)一樣(yang)，也分為單(dan)模(mo)(mo)和(he)(he)多模(mo)(mo)兩(liang)(liang)種，其作用(yong)是實現光(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)分路(lu)和(he)(he)合(he)(he)路(lu)，或用(yong)于延(yan)長光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)鏈(lian)路(lu)的(de)元(yuan)件，耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)以將(jiang)光(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)轉化(hua)為電信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)，將(jiang)多模(mo)(mo)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)耦(ou)合(he)(he)成單(dan)模(mo)(mo)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)，屬于光(guang)被動元(yuan)件領域。有人將(jiang)耦(ou)合(he)(he)器(qi)(qi)也叫做(zuo)適(shi)配器(qi)(qi)、連(lian)接器(qi)(qi)、法蘭(lan)盤等。

四、雙絞線

雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)我們(men)最常(chang)說的(de)(de)(de)網線(xian)(xian)，幾乎所有(you)人(ren)都見(jian)(jian)過和用(yong)過，在(zai)(zai)家庭(ting)網絡(luo)中(zhong)光纖可能并(bing)不(bu)多見(jian)(jian)，但雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)非常(chang)常(chang)用(yong)。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)由兩根相(xiang)互(hu)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)銅導線(xian)(xian)按照一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)規格互(hu)相(xiang)纏(chan)繞在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)傳輸介質。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)已經(jing)在(zai)(zai)網絡(luo)中(zhong)應用(yong)了數(shu)(shu)十(shi)年(nian)，現在(zai)(zai)光進銅退(tui)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)才開始逐(zhu)漸退(tui)出(chu)。不(bu)過雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)依(yi)然有(you)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)，尤其是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)數(shu)(shu)據中(zhong)心機房內部，短距離(li)互(hu)連時仍然可以用(yong)到(dao)。現在(zai)(zai)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸速度(du)也可以達(da)到(dao)10G，甚至40G，所以即使光纖大(da)有(you)一(yi)統(tong)布線(xian)(xian)江湖(hu)的(de)(de)(de)架勢，但雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)實力猶存，兩者(zhe)之爭不(bu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)朝一(yi)夕的(de)(de)(de)事兒，讓(rang)我們(men)靜觀(guan)其變。

五、光纖尾纖

光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)又(you)叫做(zuo)豬尾(wei)(wei)線(xian)，只(zhi)需(xu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)有(you)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)，而另一(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)根(gen)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)斷頭(tou)，經過熔(rong)接(jie)(jie)(jie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)其他(ta)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)芯(xin)相連，用(yong)于(yu)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜與(yu)(yu)(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)收發器(qi)，主要作用(yong)用(yong)于(yu)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)。常用(yong)的(de)(de)尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)FC型(xing)(xing)、SC型(xing)(xing)、ST型(xing)(xing)、LC型(xing)(xing)和MU型(xing)(xing)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，共同特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)具有(you)相互(hu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)端(duan)(duan)口。隨著傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)速(su)度的(de)(de)提升，現在更多的(de)(de)有(you)MTRJ型(xing)(xing)、MPO型(xing)(xing)、MD型(xing)(xing)等(deng)等(deng)。尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分為多模和單模尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，多模尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般為橙色，波長(chang)850NM，傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)距離(li)短，用(yong)于(yu)短距離(li)互(hu)聯。單模尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為黃色，波長(chang)有(you)兩(liang)種，1310NM和1550NM，傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)距離(li)為10KM和40KM.尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)跳線(xian)最大的(de)(de)區別是(shi)(shi)尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜和跳纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)用(yong)的(de)(de)，就是(shi)(shi)把光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜和尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)熔(rong)接(jie)(jie)(jie)在儀(yi)器(qi)，通過耦合(he)器(qi)把尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和跳纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)上，跳線(xian)是(shi)(shi)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和終端(duan)(duan)設備的(de)(de)。尾(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)只(zhi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)是(shi)(shi)活(huo)動接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)，跳纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)兩(liang)頭(tou)都是(shi)(shi)活(huo)動接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)。

六、光纖熔接

光(guang)(guang)在光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中傳輸(shu)時會(hui)產生(sheng)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)，這種損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)主要是(shi)由光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)和光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)處的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)組成。光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)傳輸(shu)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)和光(guang)(guang)纜自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)有關，而光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)處的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)則(ze)(ze)與光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)本身(shen)及現(xian)場施工有關，努力降(jiang)低光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)處的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)，則(ze)(ze)可增大光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中繼放大傳輸(shu)距離和提高光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)衰減(jian)裕量(liang)。光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)是(shi)一個技術活，尤其是(shi)熱熔(rong)(rong)，需要使用專用的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)機，經驗豐富的(de)(de)(de)老師傅做熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)，效(xiao)果(guo)就會(hui)比較好(hao)，接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)處的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)就小。

七、室內干線光纖電纜

室內干(gan)線(xian)(xian)光(guang)纖電纜(lan)往(wang)往(wang)需要同時用(yong)于(yu)話(hua)音(yin)、數(shu)據和視頻信號的傳輸，并(bing)且(qie)還可能用(yong)于(yu)遙測與傳感器。干(gan)線(xian)(xian)光(guang)纜(lan)從(cong)集中的端設備(bei)進出點出發延(yan)伸到其它樓層(ceng)，在各(ge)樓層(ceng)經過光(guang)纖或電纜(lan)沿水平方向分布(bu)，連接(jie)到各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)機柜(ju)中。干(gan)線(xian)(xian)部(bu)署要符合5-4-3規則5個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)段(duan)，就是(shi)一(yi)根(gen)同軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)最長(chang)(chang)500M，中間(jian)可接(jie)4個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)中繼設備(bei)把這5段(duan)線(xian)(xian)連起來，這個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)5個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)段(duan)只有3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)可以接(jie)終端。因此這個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)干(gan)線(xian)(xian)長(chang)(chang)度(du)就是(shi)500米一(yi)根(gen)同軸(zhou)電纜(lan)，2500是(shi)500*5的結果(guo)。

以上內容為大家介紹了數據中心網絡布線工程必備的七大件，相信大家對于數據中心網絡布線工程已經有了一個基本的認識。當然，如果您在數據中心網絡布線工程中遇到問題不能解決的時候，可以咨詢成都欣榮泰實業有限公司，本公司工程師一對一咨詢，為不同應用場景提供機房消防工程，機房 弱電工程， 機房綜合布線工程，弱電安裝工程等(deng)。

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